The Instructions further detailed the stages of the recruitment process, which included 1) ranking, verifying and analyzing potential candidates, 2) selecting the candidate, 3) designing the recruitment plan, and 4) recruiting (Article 10). 6-8. Lavinia Stan reviews the current state of scholarship on the Securitate and the state of former secret police's archives. 52-62, and Spies, Files and Lies: Explaining the Failure of Access to Securitate Files, Communist and Post-Communist Studies vol. See Neagu Cosma and Ion Stanescu, De la iscoada la agentul modern in spionajul si contraspionajul romanesc (Bucharest: Paco, 2001), p. 202. 2:23. Equally varied were the reasons why informers ceased their activity, besides death or illegal emigration. First, numerous observers contend that the political police destroyed the files of party members turned informers at the order of the communist leadership. According to the Instructions, files were transferred to a new Securitate branch if informers changed their address (Article 40), and only in exceptional cases Securitate agents working on could consult the files of informers used by other agents (Article 41). God sees everything. Tonto National Forest; Compliance. In the morning, with the tin glasses on I was led to an officeThere, behind a desk there was a civilian of 45-50 years old, dark haired, prominent hair loss, with the head turned a little to the side. You'll be promoted, even up to the position of director general. 29] Recursul la discurs, 22 no. 111 S. 3rd Ave. Phoenix, AZ 85003 ( Map it) ***Prior to picking up a copy of the requested report in person, contact the Departmental Reports Section at 602-876-1078 to ensure the availability of its release.***. The Consulate Generaland the Embassy cant provide individuals with any police clearance document, nor can we assist in obtaining such a document. As communism matured, the Communist Party took greater care to hide both the identity and the collaboration of party members turned Securitate informers. 49, no. On 9 November 1971, Lieutenant-Colonel Dumitru Istrate sent out a note on the surveillance of objective Lulu (writer Gabriel Andreescu, today head of the Romanian branch of the Helsinki Committee) carried out the previous day. There are several important gaps in the Securitate archive we know about from the discussions that preceded the adoption of the Law on Access to Securitate Files (Law 187 of December 1999), and reports of the Romanian local press. Case files and any files that pertained to groups not individuals were not included in the card system, which was strictly nominal. Perform a free Maricopa County, AZ public record search, including arrest, birth, business, contractor, court, criminal, death, divorce, employee, genealogy, GIS, inmate, jail, land, marriage, police, property, sex offender, tax, vital, and warrant records searches. After listing the names of the Romanian and foreign artists, musicians and diplomats attending the event, describing the general program, and presenting the food and drinks offered, Popa mentioned that Tanase was also present. 478-492. Each informer card specified the persons name, parents names, birth date and place, nationality, citizenship, political membership, education, occupation, known foreign languages, position and workplace, date of recruitment and name of recruiting officer, contact officer, conspiratorial name and category. 28-36, Michael Shafir, Best-Selling Spy Novels Seek to Rehabilitate Romanian Securitate, RFE/RL Research Report (12 November 1993), pp. I thank Florin Abraham for his support in accessing materials published in Arhivele totalitarismului, Stejarel Olaru, Mircea Stanescu and Gabriel Catalan for helping me understand the intricacies of archival investigation, Paul Goma for his hospitality, and Major-General Marius-Sorin Brateanu and archivist Nevian Tunareanu for giving me access to the Securitate archive and its documents. Maricopa County's Most Wanted; SWAT Division; Resources. The most efficient method for customers to obtain records remotely is by submitting an online form or emailing the Clerk's Office. (The system is unavailable Tuesday through Saturday from 3:00 am to 4:00 am.) The Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court is not responsible for the content of external sites. Please have the following information available with your request: The case number; Set up in March 1990 through an unpublished presidential decree, the Information Service inherited the Securitate archive, buildings, assets and technical equipment, and a number of agents and informers. Cristescu. See Traian Ungureanu, Secu Cornu Corfu (istoria Romaniei trece in soapta), 22 (23-29 April 2002), and Emil Berdeli, Scurta cronica a unui scandal aflat abia la inceput, Cotidianul (4-10 March 2002). Since then, only a tiny segment of the 12 kilometers of Securitate archive meeting that condition had been transferred to the National Council for the Study of Securitate Archives to become available to the public. A week before the collapse of the communist regime, Cristescu was busy writing detailed reports for the political police, seemingly oblivious to the monumental changes his country went through. The correspondence collection (fondul corespondenta) was made up of correspondence between different Securitate and Ministry of Interior units and between them and other state institutions and party structures.[23]. 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The notes were kept separately from the informers file in the attached folder (mapa anexa), differed in length, detail, accuracy and perceptiveness, and where signed by the informer with real or assumed name. Sometimes the order of documents was the order in which the agent produced or received them. 22-25, and Big Brother Is Still Watching, Transition (26 May 1995), pp. As a result, the Securitate destroyed the pre-1967 files and cards of individuals who meanwhile became party members. His refusal prompted Popa to enter Marzanca's name on the Securitate's black list. In my collaboration with the Securitate organs I pledge to: actively seek information of interest for the Securitate and offer it in a timely fashion through pre-established channels of communication; to fight for finding the truth and strictly observing the law; firmly and actively prevent criminal actions; promptly prevent deeds threatening state security; show vigilance against the countrys enemies; offer information sincerely, objectively and correctly; not abuse the collaboration, not divulge its secrecy to anyone. maricopa county arrest records, maricopa county free public records, maricopa county divorce records, maricopa county criminal records search, maricopa county court case lookup, maricopa county public criminal records, maricopa county public records search, maricopa county recorded document search Uncontrollable factors into other transfers have Informers drawn from these categories active at the time could no longer have personal Securitate files as other spies. Maricopa County. Crime rate relative to county average in Bucharest 2021, by district. Two of the persons are known to the political police, the third, nicknamed Liviu, 60-65 years old, medium built, grey hair. Agents did not take refusal lightly but saw it as a personal defeat that had to be swiftly avenged. The agents, graduates of the Baneasa Securitate Officers Training School, could have their identity covered, partially covered or fully covered, with the former being the highest position in the political police ranks. 10, no. For some it was misplaced patriotism or the genuine desire to help their country, which they believed was threatened by domestic and foreign agents working to destroy its independence and sovereignty. 3-4 (2001), p. 122. The American Corner program promotes understanding and cooperation between the U.S. and Romania. A meeting place could be used by only one agent (Article 8). The recruitment strategy had to be detailed in a report drafted by the agent and approved by the agent's superiors (Article 15). First, we'll bury your file as a political prisoner. He was Colonel Izidor Holingher [then the Securitate Counter-espionage Department head]. These documents also found their way in informer files. The monitoring intensified when he refused to rework two other novels to make them acceptable to censorship, deciding instead to try to send them to the West for publication despite opposition from communist authorities. In these cases, it was the agent who put an end to collaboration, convinced that the informer could no longer supply relevant data. Once archived, each single or multivolume bound file was preserved in carton boxes bearing the number code corresponding to the card system. As a communist institution, the Securitate was handed down quantitative plan targets from the party leadership, targets it did its best to fulfill, even when unrealistic. Registrations are processed in our office located in the Maricopa County Superior Court. The Maricopa County Superior Court is . made me think that John was sent to Romania in an exploratory mission under a cultural and humanitarian pretext.[39], Afterwards, Cristescu reported additional details on John and Tanase, and again voiced his worry that his work for the Securitate could be uncovered. All comments and opinions are submitted by Internet users, and in no way . The attached folders, which reportedly were no longer microfiched, were to be destroyed five years after an informer file entered the archive. 2] Dennis Deletant, Ceausescu and the Securitate: Coercion and Dissent in Romania, 1965-1989 (Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, 1995), and Communist Terror in Romania: Gheorghiu-Dej and the Police State, 1948-1965 (London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2000), Marius Oprea and Stejarel Olaru, The Day We Wont Forget. Part of the information in the files could be recovered by piecing together the notes, reports and analyses the deceased submitted and the Securitate collected in victims files. Its leader, Ion Stanescu, was not removed because the purchase was a barter against Romanian products. Faced with the obstinate refusal of the successor secret services to open up the archive and disclose even the most basic information about the Securitate, the public has perceived the problem of the Securitate archive as being primarily quantitative, ignoring the issue of the quality of the documents, and the degree to which they reflected reality. West Court Building, 3rd Floor. Securitate records claimed that 97 percent of informers were recruited voluntarily because of their "political and patriotic sentiment," 1.5 percent through offers of financial compensation, and 1.5 percent through blackmail with compromising evidence. The Visa Waiver Program (VWP) allows citizens of participating countries* to travel to the United States without a visa for stays of 90 days or less, when they meet all requirements. 3 (2004), pp. On 10 September 1971, Direction C was replaced by the Center for Information and Documentation, which remained active until December 1989 and included, besides the archive and the card system, the Center for Computerized Data Analysis, the Information and Documentation Office, the Microfiche Department and the Analysis and Synthesis General Service. To obtain copies of public records by phone, please call (602) 37-CLERK, or (602) 372-5375. Of course, when C. S. will come to Romania, the source [Cristescu] will ask him [how the transfer went]; it is advisable that no other person asks C. S. about this issue, since he is suspicious [of everyone] and a useful informational link could thus be lost. Although worried that the Securitate could accidentally disclose his identity, Cristescu accompanied his denunciations with personal opinions and evaluations. Securitate agents had to meet at least twice a year with supporting individuals who usually provided information to the residents (Article 30). Informers included in the so-called Atlas program (professionals attending conferences abroad, medical doctors and scientists studying abroad, ordinary citizens visiting their emigrated relatives) gave reports each time they returned to the country as a condition to being allowed to travel abroad in the future. Gathering notes, reports, syntheses, photographs and addresses of individuals monitored by the Securitate, these files were opened for special cases that had to be solved within a year. These cases, however, tended to be isolated, since the Securitate agents -- themselves under pressure to collect relevant information from as many sources as possible either terminated the relationship or encouraged the informer to raise the quality of the data provided. I am the author of Leaders and Laggards: Governance, Civicness and Ethnicity in Post-Communist Romania (Boulder: East European Monographs, 2003), and the editor of Romania in Transition (Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1997). 118-166, 207-209 and 228-232. Istorii literare si artistice, 1969-1989 (Bucharest: Editura Presa Romaneasca, 1996), p. 30. There was also a list of documents included in the file, another list of the Securitate personnel who knew the individual belonged to the information network, a third list with the informers contacts that were valuable to the Securitate, and a note explaining the method of contacting the informer and the conspiratorial meeting places the informer was told about (Article 38). [3] The number of full-time agents varied over the years, according to the needs of the political police. Cristescu tried to convince Tanase that his conversations at home were private, and stressed that given the importance of my entire effort to monitor Stelian Tanase, I dare to consider that [the incident] was an imprudent move that could have resulted in the disclosure [of my collaboration with the Securitate].[40], In August, Cristescu delivered to the political police the list of people and their addresses Tanase wanted him to contact in case he was arrested, in September described Tanases meeting with the US cultural attach A[lice] Kuperman, his plans to translate an anti-governmental declaration into English and disseminate it abroad, his hopes to meet an unnamed British citizen, and in October noted that Tanase received a letter from a British lady and planned to put together a collection of non-political essays signed by well-known dissident writers. Criminal investigation files (dosare de ancheta penala) were opened for crimes against national security, as defined by the communist legislation. Special thanks go to Larry Watts and director Radu Timofte for their support. Little did he know that his deposition was to be used as evidence for Tanases efforts to contact attending foreign citizens who could help transport his manuscript to a Western country. The residents file contained an additional list with the names of the supporting individuals the resident was responsible for and the places where they met. Probate Cases. They ordered me to strip. 52 (1997), p. 39. Information network files (dosare ale retelei informative), bearing the name or the nickname of the informer, included one or several volumes usually accompanied by attached folders (mape-anexa) containing all the written reports the informer supplied to the political police. [38], On 14 August, Cristescu commented on his meeting with Tanase and the young British journalist John, who wanted to meet with Romanian dissident writers. The documents reporting on the Securitate's counterintelligence activities abroad are housed by the Romanian External Service and are currently unavailable to the public. The criminal investigation collection (fondul de ancheta penala) included the criminal investigation files and the prison files of persons already sentenced or investigated for actions against state security. The network collection (fondul de retea) consisted of personal files of the Securitate informers and individuals who refused to collaborate with the Securitate. The 1960s witnessed a relative thaw when tens of thousands of political prisoners were allowed to come back home, but by 1971 Ceausescu had launched his cultural revolution and personality cult, followed by a massive crackdown on individual and organized active resistance. There were strict regulations not always observed - on when, who and how to open and close these files, which documents to attach in what order. According to the Instructions, the informers had to sign the pledge with their nicknames, if these had already been selected, and the pledge could be tailored for each new recruit. Demographically, 241,932 were sixty and older, 145,294 between forty and sixty, 81,572 between thirty and forty, and 17,995 under thirty years of age. The political police kept statistics on the information network, but indicators were secret (Article 43). An inmate accused of attacking and killing an officer at Maricopa County's Lower Buckeye Jail in 2019 was convicted of manslaughter after more than three years of prosecution, according to Maricopa County Sheriff Paul Penzone. As a result, Oprescu lost many friends and was mocked for his belated and halfhearted apology. Part of the archive was lost because before 1970s documents were deposited in precarious conditions in dusty, dirty, humid and overcrowded rooms or even prison cells. Call 602-506-3411 to speak with a member of the Public Records team. . It includes information on offenses that you been convicted of in court. For students and army recruits acting as supporting individuals agents did not open personal files, but filled in standardized forms, attached to case files together with those persons collaboration pledge and reports on their victims (Article 37). The Bucharest warehouse I visited stored around 800 meters of archive the Romanian Information Service used to train archivists, included six vertical rows of carton boxes marked Operative Archive, and could be accessed only with two keys entrusted to two different persons. Since 1989, a number of secret documents and Securitate files appeared on the Bucharest black market, where they could be bought by politicians and business people eager to destroy the career of their opponents. The informer ceased collaboration in 1958 and was reactivated sometime during the 1970s under a different nickname. Clerk of the Superior Court's Office Criminal File Counter 201 W. Jefferson, Phoenix, AZ 85003 Filing Depository Boxes The Clerk of the Court's Office offers four external filing depository boxes, which are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Every meter of archive contains some 5,000 documents, and every file is on average 200 pages in length. As of December 31, 2022, a person who is arrested, convicted or sentenced before, on or after December 31, 2022, may petition the court to have their criminal case record sealed. For access to criminal and civil court documents in the Superior Court visit the eAccess portal . The problem, they claim, lies not with the political police, but with the repressive, unjust, discriminatory and abusive communist legislation. Department Records Unit These records are for incidents or collisions investigated by State Troopers or other DPS employees. Me too. Copies of information notes were included in the files of the victims they referred to, so a good part of destroyed attached folders could be reconstituted. 11] Cristian Troncota, Din istoria aparatului de Securitate in Romania, 1948-1965, Arhivele totalitarismului (Bucharest), vols. Whereas the Stasi archive was taken over by the so-called Gauck Agency (the Agency of the Federal Commissioner for Documents of the State Security Police of the former German Democratic Republic, often referred to by the name of its first head, former East German pastor Joachim Gauck) soon after the collapse of the communist regime of Erich Honecker and was made available to the public almost in its entirety (with many of the shredded files painstakingly reconstituted), the Securitate archive remains scattered across several state agencies, a large part of it is unavailable to the public, and many Romanians believe that since 1989 the archive in its entirety has been altered beyond recognition by unnamed individuals close to the country's successive governments. Lavinia Stan reviews the current state of scholarship on the Securitate and the state of former secret police's archives. The files compiled on the activity of other Romanians likely offer significantly different details, but the types of documents generally remain unchanged across files, although some files might have more and other files fewer documents of one particular type. For foreign citizens who want to live permanently in the United States. The report was followed by a number of documents detailing the victims activity, the notes filled by informers, neighbors or workmates, the agents requests for information from other Securitate structures, periodical analyses in which the agent and his superiors evaluated the progress of the investigation (including strategies to solve the case, specific deadlines and each officers responsibilities), the report on the termination of surveillance, the decision to archive the file and eventually the stamp attesting that the file had been microfiched. Informers were contacted by the agent or resident at least once a month, and were instructed on ways to pass urgent information to the political police between the meetings by way of conspiratorial addresses, hidden places, postal boxes or codes for sending data in writing or by phone (Article 27). Contact the respective county clerk of State Attorney's Office for more . He also says that she will have a difficult time to find another job because people are laid off everywhere.[33]. All of you'll travel abroad. A copy of your Arizona criminal history record can be obtained by completing and submitting a Record Review Packet, which can be downloaded online here, or by contacting the Criminal Records History Section via telephone at (602) 223-2222. If the proposal gained approval, the report bore the signature of the two superior officers and any hand-written remarks they considered appropriate to make. An informers personal file included the recruitment report (raportul de recrutare), detailing the reasons why the candidate could prove useful for solving cases at hand, the conspiratorial name, the loyalty guarantees, the recruitment method, the basis for recruitment (voluntary collaboration, financial payment or blackmail), the contact system of passwords and countersigns to be used if meetings could not be organized at the pre-established time and place, the collaboration pledge (angajamentul de colaborare), several surveillance, verification and analysis materials in which the agent noted the loyalty and productivity of the informer, and the abandonment report (raportul de abandonare), detailing the reasons for and the method of deactivating the informer. Spending considerable time and space for describing the food and drinks, Popa was probably content with himself for solving the difficult predicament of serving the political police while at the same time limiting the damage done to the people he mentioned. The remaining 60,000 pages belonging to some 105 individuals (including Orthodox priest Gheorghe Calciu-Dumitreasa, monk Nicolae Steinhard, theologian Dumitru Staniloae, poets Virgil Carianopol and Vasile Voiculescu, literary critics Ion Negoitescu and Ovidiu Papadima, folklorist Ovid Densusianu, former political prisoners Paul Goma and Marcel Petrisor, writer Petre Tutea, pre-communist politicians Ion Puiu, and engineer Gheorghe Ursu) were transferred to the National Council, and are now available to researchers on request. The warehouse was located in a permanently guarded military unit that could be accessed only with special permit. The Maricopa County Arrest Records links below open in a new window and take you to third party websites that provide access to Maricopa County Arrest Records. Its 267 employees set up a complete and user-friendly system identifying individuals pursued by the Securitate, and received, registered and classified the files opened for such individuals. Other times, documents were classified by type. Sometimes the front page bore the conspiratorial alias the informer assumed, but in case the same person acted during two different periods under two different aliases the two resulting informer volumes were classified as a single file. Going to Court Overview Criminal Traffic Civil Traffic Traffic School Payment Policy Failure to Appear. The hosts file presented a map of the meeting place and its location, the list of the installments the Securitate paid as rent in exchange for the hosts services, the stories (legende) used to cover up the secret meeting and present it to inquisitive neighbors, a list of Securitate agents and information network members who entered the house, and the results of the periodical verification the host was subjected to. [1] In two pioneering volumes, historian Dennis Deletant (1995 and 2000) detailed the Securitate's structure, methods and relationship with the Communist Party under Ceausescu and his predecessor, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. 2, no. Be sure the documents are in the following order: Set Aside a Conviction Instructions and Forms - CRSA1 37, no. 11-25, and Lavinia Stan, Our Spies Keeper: The Romanian Information Service, paper presented at the annual meeting of the Canadian Association of Slavists, Winnipeg, 1 June 2004. 14] Oprea, Banalitatea raului, pp. Realizing that his apartment had been bugged, Tanase took additional precautions to protect himself from the political police. The Maricopa County Public Record links below open in a new . In some instances collaboration ended rather abruptly, when the informer died, emigrated or insisted to cut links to the agent. 16, no. The card system included the names of all individuals the Securitate monitored, persons sentenced for crimes against state security, members of the inter-war fascist Iron Guard, members of the pre-communist political parties and their youth organizations, pre-communist state dignitaries, members of Parliament and government, prefects and deputy prefects, leaders and agents of the pre-communist civilian and military information services, pre-communist army officers with anticommunist activity, individuals who legally or illegally left Romania, persons known for their critical stance against Ceausescu and his family, the party, the ideology and the general situation in Romania, and foreign travelers to Romania whom Securitate pursued. Can you access the Maricopa County warrant list and arrest records over the phone? Information on Entering Romania via Land Border, U.S. While the present article discusses the more technical aspects of the Securitate archive, it should be remembered that the totality of repression in communist Romania was greater than the sum of individual cases the Securitate worked on. That night I was taken out in the car, and on Olari street they took my tin glasses off. The Securitate technical equipment allowed it to identify the phone numbers Tanase contacted, but not those where he was contacted from. Do not rely on this site to determine factual criminal records. Search Box - Custom Content New. Requests should be directed to FBI CJIS Division, Attn: SCU, Mod. Probably aware of Ditas unsuccessful attempt to burn the files completely, former Securitate agent Bordeianu believed that throwing the documents in the Berevoesti forest ravine and covering them with dirt was a better destruction method.